That Morning Sun – Our Constant Star

I am posting this last (for now) musical blog in #mysongscapes of winter 2020 from my bed at home where my 2-day old bionic knee is being massaged by the ice machine.

I typed that first line last week so I’d have my blog all ready to post, before my eldest son in England convinced me to call the surgeon’s office Monday and cancel my St. Patrick’s day knee replacement, which was booked last autumn. “Why would you subject yourself to elective surgery, plus months of outside physiotherapy, with the increased risk of contagion? This thing is coming to the UK now and it’s coming to you.” So I did cancel my operation – at the same time as my provincial government asked hospitals to cancel non-essential surgeries. My non-bionic knee and I are together for a while longer. Sadly, I don’t have my dramatic first sentence anymore, but that’s perfectly okay.

This year, more than ever, I am so happy that spring is imminent, arriving at precisely 11:49:28 pm Eastern Daylight time tonight. At that moment, i.e. the vernal equinox – from the Latin aequinoctium or “equal night” – we reach the point in our year when earth experiences an equal number of hours of daylight and darkness (though apparently there is a teeny bit more daylight than dark at our latitude because of our atmosphere!) According to Wikipedia, “An equinox is commonly regarded as the instant of time when the plane (extended indefinitely in all directions) of earth‘s equator passes through the center of the sun.”  Intriguingly, this is also the earliest vernal equinox in 124 years.

I’m not an early morning person so I don’t photograph many sunrises, but this was a pretty one in Chicago a few years ago. That ball of yellow lighting up Lake Michigan is approximately 4.6 billion years old. The sun is not much older than earth, since our own planet is believed to have accreted 4.5 billion years ago from the solar nebula, i.e. the cloud of dust and gas that orbited the sun after its own formation.  It is a fiery ball of hydrogen and helium and though it looks massive to us (according to NASA, if the sun were hollow it would take 1.3 million earths to fill it up), it is a “yellow dwarf” or “G-type main-sequence star”.

The sun is our very own star, the centre of our solar system. It was rising over the savannah, below, when I was on safari in Kenya a few years ago. But our solar system is likely just one of billions of planetary systems in our own galaxy, the Milky Way, though only some 2,500 have been counted so far. And the Hubble explorer telescope has estimated some 100-200 billion galaxies in the universe, full of their own stars and planetary systems. The numbers boggle the mind.

In the southern hemisphere, the March equinox is the beginning of autumn. In the northern hemisphere winter is now officially over, even if it likes to hang around and harass spring with the occasional late snowfall – illustrating why glory-of-the-snow, below, is the perfect common name for Scilla forbesii, formerly Chionodoxa…..

…..and why crocuses have the good sense not to open wide until the snow melts and “that morning sun” shines down on them…..

…. and why Iris ‘Katharine Hodgkin’ (Iris winogradowii x Iris histrioides) is such a wonderful little trooper, given she seems to shrug off the most inclement weather….

…. then goes on to shine with her garden friends, the orange crocuses (C. x luteus ‘Golden Yellow’) a few days later!

In other words, in springtime in Canada, it pays not be the early bird – unless you’re a robin finding nesting material….

…. but wait until the spring sun teases open your shy flowers, like winter aconite (Eranthis hyemalis), below, which exhibits “thermonasty” in the presence of sunshine (i.e. it opens its tepals, which stay closed in cloudy, cool weather).

It has been quite a wild winter, hasn’t it? Not necessarily weather-wise, since we’ve had milder weather this year than many winters, as you can see from my highly unscientific snowdrop almanac below…..

…… but it was a life-altering kind of winter, with cataclysmic global shocks to which most of us are complete strangers. We like to think we are in control of our health. We trust our governments (mostly) to do the right thing. We take our creature comforts for granted. We think we need the company of other people. We engage in dark humour, then feel bad for trying to make light of a dire situation.  We worry – about our families, our friends, even people we don’t know who are going through trauma in these times of contagion. Our retirement funds are tanking. We are frightened, but try not to panic. And viruses aside, winter can be hard emotionally, the low light levels, the absence of green and living things, the constant cold. Seasonal affective order literally making us sad or depressed. So the coming of spring this year is more than welcome; it seems like a miracle of normalcy. That daffodils and hellebores will bloom once again….

….. and crocuses will spread their cheer.

The little spring bulbs always inspire me to create tiny bouquets…..

…. which generate an abundance of joy in inverse proportion to their size.

Witch hazels will unfurl their ribbon petals, if they haven’t already….

…. and the oft-unnoticed flowers of willows will attract native bees….

…. as will the intricate flowers of red maple (Acer rubrum).

Have you ever looked closely at maple flowers? They are tiny miracles of complexity. This is silver maple (Acer saccharinum).

It pays to peer closely at the little blossoms of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas) as they open. Aren’t they beautiful?

It doesn’t matter how many times I photograph ‘Leonard Messel’ magnolia (M. x loebneri); I am always bewitched by its grace and beauty.

Brassy forsythia isn’t on everyone’s favourite list for spring, and it’s easy to see why. But this enchanting combination of pale-yellow weeping forsythia (Forsythia suspensa) and Siberian squill (Scilla sibirica) at Toronto’s Spadina House always intrigues me. There’s just something about yellow and blue in springtime.

As the sun strengthens, buds will burst open on the trees, like this velvety parcel of shagbark hickory flowers (Carya ovata)….

…. and this exuberant explosion of flowers and leaves on Manchurian maple (Acer tegmentosum).

Leaves, of course, are the most important partners of our sun. It is leaves like the white oak leaves, below, that harvest the energy of the sun during photosynthesis…..

……absorbing carbon dioxide through the stomata and water from the roots to synthesize carbohydrates for the tree while releasing as a waste product the oxygen that permits the existence of life on earth. It is much more complicated than that, of course, with light cycles and dark cycles, but in essence this is the power of green leaves and that morning sun.

So as winter ends and spring begins, I’d like to offer a toast to the sun that will greet us tomorrow morning and every morning after that. Our constant star. And, of course, I have a song for that!

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The last song of #mysongscapes is one I heard for the first time only last year, by an artist I didn’t know at all before then.  Melody Gardot has quite a story herself, one that makes coronavirus look manageable. She started music lessons at the age of nine. By16 she was playing piano in Philadelphia bars on the weekends: the Mamas and the Papas, Radiohead, Duke Ellington. In 2004 at the age of 19, she was studying fashion when she was struck on her bike by an SUV making an illegal turn. She sustained a serious head injury as well as spinal and pelvic injuries. At first she couldn’t talk or move and suffered from memory loss. In a hospital bed for a year, she had to re-learn simple tasks. It would take her three years to speak properly.

Photo by Stefanie Meynberg

Music was the primary tool in helping her recover. As she said in an interview with The Brisbane Times: “Music is one of the only things that helps to reconnect neural pathways in our brain: listening, performing, singing, making a verbal attempt to sing along or hum. In my case this was why it was pointed out to me. First because I had some experience as a young person playing piano bars and so it was an innate ability but furthermore because of its ability to really help me progress when no other progress can be made.” Eventually, after much else failed, her doctor encouraged her to work with music so she began to hum, then sing into a tape recorder, then write her own jazz-inflected songs. She learned to play guitar lying on her back. Within a few years, her songs were being played on the radio in Philadelphia. She released an EP that met with success and was signed to a record label. She began touring, using a cane and wearing dark glasses to combat the acute sensitivity to light caused by the brain injury. In 2017, she moved to Paris. In the jazz world, she’s an enigmatic superstar.

In other words, Melody Gardot has seen the worst adversity life can deal and met it head on. Her song, the last in the #mysongscapes series of blogs, offers us that most elemental of comforts: optimism. That the sun will come out again in our hearts; that it will bathe us in its warmth; that it will be our light at the end of our tunnel. Spring is here, and that morning sun has come to greet us. Let me tell you, honey child.

THAT MORNING SUN (Melody Gardot, 2015)

There little babe, don’t you cry
We got that sunny morning waitin’ on us now
There’s a light at the end of the tunnel
We can be worry-free
Just take it from me
Honey child
Let me tell you now, child

That morning sun is here to greet us
With her loving light so warm
That morning sun is here to meet us
Waitin’ on the wakin’ up of everyone

She ain’t gonna quit ’till you’re smiling now
Lemme tell you, child
Lemme tell you, honey child

That morning sun
Has come to greet ya
She’s peekin’ round the corner
Just a-waitin’ just to meet ya
Shinin’ down on all your troubles
Lemme tell ya, child
Lemme tell ya, honey child

‘Cause this world was made for dreamin’
This world was made for you
This world made for believin’
In all the things you’re gonna do
Now, honey child
Lemme tell ya now, child

‘Cause this world was made for dreamin’
This world was made for you
This world made for believin’
In all the things you’re gonna do
Now, honey child
Lemme tell ya now, child

Ah, honey child,
Lemme tell ya, child
Ah… honey child
Lemme tell ya, child 

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This is the 21st and final blog in #mysongscapes series of winter 2020 that combine music I love with my photography. If you enjoyed reading it as much as I enjoyed writing it, have a look at the others.  And please leave a comment if you enjoyed any of them. I haven’t run out of songs, though, so I may throw in the odd new one over the months and seasons to come.

  1. Joni Mitchell’s ‘Night in the City’;
  2. Paul Simon’s ‘Kodachrome’ and my life in photography;
  3. Vietnam and Songs of Protest;
  4. Galway Bay and memories of my grandfather and Ireland;
  5. Simon and Garfunkel’s Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme;
  6. The John Denver lullaby I sang to my first grandchild, Today While the Blossoms Still Cling to the Vine.
  7. Gordon Lightfoot for a Snow Day
  8. Madame George by Van Morrison – my favourite song in the world
  9. Brown Eyed Girl(s) – Van Morrison’s classic and my black-eyed susans
  10. Raindrops – on flowers and in my gardens
  11. Miss Rumphius and the Lupines
  12. Bring me Little Water – on water in the garden
  13. Amsterdam… Spring Sunshine – a Dutch travelogue and a brilliant Broadway play
  14. Both Sides Now – a reflection on clouds and Joni Mitchell
  15. Crimson & Clover and Other Legumes – a love letter to the pea family, Fabaceae
  16. Mexico – James Taylor serenades in my travelogue of a decade of trips to Mexico
  17. Crystal Blue Persuasion – blue flowers in the garden
  18. My Bonny – remembering the late Laura Smith (and my dad)
  19. Up on the Roof – a Carole King love-in and a lot of green roofs
  20. Singing Malaika in the Serengeti

A Night Sky Photography Lesson

I received a Christmas present from my three wonderful sons this week, something unexpected and so much fun!  It actually came in an envelope under the tree on Christmas morning, but it materialized in the form of a lovely 3 hours, some of it in total darkness, at the Torrance Barrens Dark Sky Preserve last weekend.   It was a private lesson in night sky photography with Wesley Liikane, aka Cowboy With a Camera. I’ve been following his work for several years, but the boys didn’t know that when they arranged the gift. And since I was at the cottage with my daughter and her young family and the Torrance Barrens is just 12 kilometres from the marina where we dock our boat, I invited Wes to come for dinner first. He accepted and after impressing my grandkids with his phone photos of wild animals, joined us on the screened porch for Saturday night dinner.

Then it was into the boat to the marina and Wes and I drove our cars separately to the Torrance Barrens. My friends know that I’ve been photographing at the Barrens for more than fifteen years in all seasons.  I even wandered into the edge of the 1905-hectare (4707-acre) reserve to photograph the full moon there one summer, batting away mosquitoes as I focused through the oaks.  There was not another soul there that night and it was a little scary to be alone. But on this evening in early August 2018, Wes and I were shocked by the number of people clogging the granite parking lot and parked along both sides of winding Southwood Road.  Admittedly, it was a holiday weekend and the sky was relatively clear with no moon, making it perfect for sky photography. But it was shocking to see all the people wandering through with coolers and supplies, to see all the tents set up (it’s crown land) and smell the smoke from campfires (in a week when fires had been banned for extreme dryness) and hear the sounds of voices, many of them from far-off lands, bouncing off the granite bedrock. Wes led the way along the familiar trail.

A sign at the entrance had announced that the bridge across the wetland was closed….

….but it wasn’t really closed – just in the same state of disrepair it had been the previous October…..

….. when my friends and I had hiked there on our annual hiking weekend, below.   For me (and for Wes, who manages the Torrance Barrens’ Facebook page), it’s a sad state of affairs when the trail maintenance is so shoddy in one of Ontario’s crown jewels.

But as always, it was lovely to stop for a moment and explore the flora in the marsh pond, including this sedge with water willow (Decodon verticillatus) and fragrant water lilies (Nymphaea odorata).

Wes set us up on bedrock in a flat area of the slope near the wetland. From here, we’d have a good view of the Milky Way, provided the night sky stayed clear.  In his lesson, he talked about the importance of hard ground as a base for your tripod for the long exposures needed for night photography.  Because my tripod adaptor was in Toronto, Wes loaned me his. He also brought along his portable SkyWatcher telescope, which can be adapted for star photography.

My camera (the Rebel 7Ti, which I bought for its 24.2 megapixel resolution and light weight, since I usually carry two cameras fitted with lenses for different purposes ) is less than ideal with its zoom 18-135mm lens, but that’s okay. It’s a DSLR, it’s the camera I’ve got – and we worked with it.

Wes, naturally, has a camera suited for night sky photography, the Sony A7S.

And his prime lens is a favourite of serious night sky aficionados, the Rokinon 1.5-35mm.  He eyed my UV lens filter and said it wasn’t usually recommended to photograph with that filter, but we left it on.

As the sky began to darken, we prepared my camera. My eyes tried not to glaze over and my non-math-brain worked very hard not to shut down as Wes explained the “500 Rule” for exposure with his smart phone calculator.  In a nutshell, it’s this:  500 divided by the focal length of your lens at its widest angle = the longest exposure in seconds before stars begin to ‘trail’.  Earth, as we know, is rotating on its axis at 1000 miles an hour while the night sky is filled with stars that are so far away, they seem fixed (but might be millions of light years away).  So in the course of seconds, the stars develop light trail blurs unless you time the exposure correctly. Wes’s full frame camera is 1:1 for focal length, while my Rebel has a 1.6 crop sensor factor. With my lens at its widest angle that means: 500/ (18×1.6) = 17.36 seconds.  (I think Wes was showing the calculation for a 35mm lens, below).  But we would experiment with exposure.

At 8:23 pm, the sky was developing a rosy glow in the west……

….. and I used my Samsung S8 to snap a sunset shot through the trees.

Wes explained the importance of letting your eyes adjust to darkness, and had me dim the LCD display on my camera as part of that adjustment.

Amazingly, people were still coming deep into the Barrens with flashlights and supplies. Above us nighthawks whirled and in the distance whippoorwills called.

Venus, the evening star, was now shining bright in the western sky and I used it to focus on “the smallest bright point”. As Wes explained, it’s important to use manual focus and turn the image stabilizer off.  Focusing on infinity doesn’t always work, so he taught me to zoom into Venus and focus on it in the middle of my view finder, moving the focusing ring until it is clear, which is when it’s at its smallest point of light.  Once focus is set, the stars and the Milky Way should be in focus, but it’s a good idea to recheck while shooting by zooming in to 100% to ensure there is no star trailing, since the slightest jar of the tripod could mess it up. Wes said that when he’s photographing the night sky with friends, they hang LED glow sticks from the base of their tripods to prevent an accidental jostling in the dark.

We set my camera for a preliminary 10-second exposure at 6400 ISO and continued to wait for full darkness.

As we waited, Wes gave me hints for understanding the best times for night sky photography. A moonless night is best, of course, and also the sky should have no cloud cover. (Tonight featured wispy, moving clouds and some smoke from the Parry Sound 33 forest fire an hour north of us, but the sky was clear for the most part.)   There’s a website you can visit (www.cleardarksky.com/csk/) to access the most precise forecast for night sky conditions. Wes explained it to me below.

He also talked about the Milky Way, which is our own constellation, a barred spiral galaxy and estimated to contain 10-100 billion planetary systems besides that of our own sun, which rests in the Orion Spur between the Perseus and Sagittarius Arms. (Click to enlarge the photo below, by NASA-Adler-U Chicago-Wesleyan-JPL-Caltech.)

Wes showed me the online location for determining the location of the Milky Way in the sky.

Kuchala clears your blood vessels and ensures cialis sales uk more blood flow to blood vessels done by PDE5 enzyme. This puts cialis tablets 20mg women at risk for female cancers, and, it is also known to grow breasts in males. This may sooner or later lead to mental breakdown. getting viagra prescription As mentioned earlier, nitric oxide is the part of a chemical chain reaction and it gets all sildenafil 100mg tab the blood pumped into the penis during erection). It still wasn’t completely dark so I asked Wes to scroll through some of his phone photos of many of his best images. The description “Cowboy with a Camera” is apt, since he started out on the rodeo circuit as a young man, hauling a trailer with his brother.  In those early years, he launched his next career by photographing friends on the circuit, like this young woman riding a bull.

But he’s known for his animal photography, especially in Algonquin Park, below. He now gives workshops there – one popular one features loons (his “loon-chick-on-mother’s back” percentage is 100%).

His sublime wolf shots have been used on commercial packaging.

A kayak sometimes forms his photo studio……

….. enabling good interactions with moose, like the one below in Algonquin.

But his great passion is the night sky, especially the Aurora Borealis or Northern Lights, like this Muskoka lake scene…..

….. and this spectacular photo made at the Algonquin Radio Observatory in the park….

….. where he’s also made stunning images of the Milky Way.

Chasing the Milky Way has taken him across North America, including the Dark Mesa Park in Kenton, Oklahoma….

….. and the mountains of Yellowstone Park.

It was finally dark enough to make some photos, and Wes checked out the display in my camera using his headlamp.

At 10:15 pm, we began.  Ten seconds at 6400 ISO was still too dark (though there is much more information in this photo than it appears to contain, and it would be usable  with some post-processing in a pinch.)

We increased the exposure to 15 seconds at 6400. Now the night sky is brighter and the stars visible. But there are a few problems.

In the next exposure, below, you can see that Mars is almost into the frame, but not quite.  And the horizon is tilted upward. And the campfire across the wetland with all those German campers in front of us is distracting to me – even though Wes thought the warmth might be a good foreground feature.   But most serious of all are the tiny scratches on my lens or polarizing filter. (I only found those later when I looked at the images on my computer).

Fortunately, Wes decided to put his lens on my camera back, which meant no more scratches. Now we’ve got Mars in the frame. The Milky Way itself is somewhat obscured and there are bits of cloud in the image.  Wes showed me how to find the horizon with my camera (I’ve never been good with all the settings) so that….

…. now I had a straight horizon and Mars was in the frame and a section of the Milky Way was there, though partly obscured.  This is the last image I made, at 10:28 pm, and one that I would consider a good result for my first real effort at night sky photography.

Wes suggested we find a new location near the parking lot, so we packed up our gear and made our way back over the creaky bridge (I only tripped once) and down the path towards the entrance. Amazingly people were still arriving at 10:30. One young woman walking up the road with her partner stopped us to ask if this was Torrance Barrens, and how big was it and were there washrooms?  “One Johnny-on-the-spot,” answered Wes.  I told her there were trails throughout but it wasn’t a park and it would be rough going if they didn’t know their way. Her partner, camera around his neck, nodded and off they went.   We gazed around and were hard-pressed to find a spot without people coming and going. I checked the time and told Wes that since I had a drive back to the marina where my husband would be picking me up, it was probably time to say good night. Indeed, I felt I’d had a really good introduction to capturing the night sky. We hugged farewell and went our separate ways, threading through the cars parked on either side of Southwood Road.

When I got back to the cottage, I downloaded my photos.  My last image was the one I was most pleased with, and even though I wasn’t shooting RAW (highly recommended for night photography), I decided to see what I could do in post-processing with the editing programs I have on the cottage computer. With Photoshop on my city computer at home, what I had was what came with Windows 10, including Paint.  I decided that what I wanted to remember of the night sky in the Torrance Barrens were not the German campers with their bright light, so I wanted to crop them out. And I wanted to emphasize the stars and Mars gainst the dark sky above the tree canopy that I know so well.  So my first edit was the horizontal (landscape) aspect ratio crop, below, but I decided it had too much dark forest and too little sky.

The next edit was a vertical (portrait) crop and I liked this one better.  (Notice how much light pollution is in the eastern sky – ambient light from Gravenhurst and Orillia.)  But there were still some little pockets of light glimmering in the forest and my bare-bones editing programs didn’t let me erase or darken them, as Photoshop does.

My final edit solved that by cropping out the lower forest and concentrating instead on the sky.  This is a perfect square and is a frameable memory I will keep of my first attempt at night sky photography in a place I have come to love.  Thank you, Wes Liikane.